数据库恢复一例物业

最近通过做实验总结出一种数据库恢复方法，对今后的工作很有帮助：

数据库为非归档状态，只有一周前的数据文件的备份，无redolog，归档日志和controlfile的备份，此种情况一但数据库出故障只能做不完全恢复，会丢失一周前做备份时到出故障那一时候的所有数据，具体恢复方法如下:

操作系统为solaris8,内存2G，2颗CPU.

实验步骤：

小成的到来激起了死者家属的愤怒 $sqlplus /nolog

SQLconnect / as sysdba

SQL archive log list

Database log mode No Archive Mode

Automatic archival Enabled

Archive destination /opt/oracle/arch/ORCL

Oldest online log sequence 895

Current log sequence 897

SQL select * from v$logfile;

GROUP# STATUS

---------- -------

MEMBER

--------------------------------------------------------------------------------

3

/opt/oracle/db04/oradata/ORCL/g

2

/opt/oracle/db03/oradata/ORCL/g

1

/opt/oracle/db02/oradata/ORCL/g

SQL select * from v$controlfile;

STATUS

-------

NAME

--------------------------------------------------------------------------------

/opt/oracle/db02/oradata/ORCL/l

/opt/oracle/db03/oradata/ORCL/l

/opt/oracle/db04/oradata/ORCL/l

SQLalter database backup controlfile to trace;

(备份控制文件,此时会在$ORACLE_BASE/admin/ORCL/udump目录里生成trace文件)

SQL shutdown immediate (关闭当前数据库)

Database closed.

Database dismounted.

ORACLE instance shut down.

SQL quit

Disconnected

模拟数据丢失：

删除当前所有的数据文件,控制文件和redolog文件:

$rm -rf ?/opt/oracle/db02/oradata/ORCL/*

$rm /opt/oracle/db03/oradata/ORCL/g

$rm /opt/oracle/db03/oradata/ORCL/l

$rm /opt/oracle/db04/oradata/ORCL/g

$rm /opt/oracle/db04/oradata/ORCL/l

把一周前备份的数据文件copy回来，目录结构和以前一样，但这时因为没有redolog和controlfile文件，数据库只能启动到nomount状态:

udump目录下生成的orcl_ora_c文件，把里面的创建controlfile的那部分内容粘贴下来放在SQL里执行:

（这里要注意一定要用resetlogs方式重建控制文件，resetlogs之后会生成新的redolog,并且把当前redofile的sequence置为1,否则创建控制文件会失败)：

SQLSTARTUP NOMOUNT

SQL CREATE CONTROLFILE REUSE DATABASE \"ORCL\" RESETLOGS NOARCHIVELOG

2 MAXLOGFILES 32

3 MAXLOGMEMBERS 2

4 MAXDATAFILES 254

5 MAXINSTANCES 8

6 MAXLOGHISTORY 907

7 LOGFILE

8 GROUP 1 \'/opt/oracle/db02/oradata/ORCL/g\' SIZE 50000K,

9 GROUP 2 \'/opt/oracle/db03/oradata/ORCL/g\' SIZE 50000K,

10 GROUP 3 \'/opt/oracle/db04/oradata/ORCL/g\' SIZE 50000K

11 DATAFILE

12 \'/opt/oracle/db02/oradata/ORCL/f\',

13 \'/opt/oracle/db02/oradata/ORCL/f\',

14 \'/opt/oracle/db02/oradata/ORCL/f\',

15 \'/opt/oracle/db02/oradata/ORCL/f\',

16 \'/opt/oracle/db02/oradata/ORCL/f\',

17 \'/opt/oracle/db02/oradata/ORCL/f\',

18 \'/opt/oracle/db02/oradata/ORCL/f\',

19 \'/opt/oracle/db02/oradata/ORCL/f\',

20 \'/opt/oracle/db02/oradata/ORCL/f\',

21 \'/opt/oracle/db02/oradata/ORCL/f\',

22 \'/opt/oracle/db02/oradata/ORCL/f\',

23 \'/opt/oracle/db02/oradata/ORCL/f\',

24 \'/opt/oracle/db02/oradata/ORCL/f\',

25 \'/opt/oracle/db02/oradata/ORCL/f\',

26 \'/opt/oracle/db02/oradata/ORCL/f\',

27 \'/opt/oracle/db02/oradata/ORCL/f\'

28 CHARACTER SET WE8ISO8859P1;

Control file created.

SQL alter database open resetlogs;(以resetlogs方式打开数据库)

Database altered.

SQL select status from v$instance; (检查数据库的状态)

STATUS

-------

OPEN

SQL select * from v$logfile; (检查logfile的状态)

GROUP# STATUS

---------- -------

MEMBER

--------------------------------------------------------------------------------

3

/opt/oracle/db04/oradata/ORCL/g

2

/opt/oracle/db03/oradata/ORCL/g

1

/opt/oracle/db02/oradata/ORCL/g

SQL select * from v$controlfile; (检查控制文件的状态)

STATUS

-------

NAME

--------------------------------------------------------------------------------

/opt/oracle/db02/oradata/ORCL/l

/opt/oracle/db03/oradata/ORCL/l

/opt/oracle/db04/oradata/ORCL/l

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